India’s Digital Governance Landscape: Technological Transformation in Public Administration Through ICT

Abstract

Technology has continuously evolved to enhance human capabilities, streamline processes, and transform societies. The shift from mechanical to digital systems has led to the widespread adoption of digital transformation across industries, including governance. Digitalisation has emerged as a revolutionary tool for enhancing governmental efficiency through E-governance, which integrates information and communication technology (ICT) into public administration. This study explores the role of digital transformation in Indian governance, analysing the evolution of E-governance, its impact on efficiency, and key initiatives like Aadhaar, Digital India, and BharatNet. A qualitative research approach is adopted, leveraging secondary sources of data like government reports, academic literature, and case studies. The research highlights how E-governance facilitates transparency, efficiency, and inclusivity while addressing challenges like digital literacy and linguistic diversity. By examining India’s digital transformation journey, this study contributes to understanding the potential of E-governance in fostering effective governance and equitable development.