Differentiation Between Inrush and Fault Currents in Transformers to Avoid Malfunctioning of Protection Scheme

Abstract

The power transformers are key components of the today's power systems.  To ensure smooth operation, it modifies the supply's voltages and current levels at different power system stages. Differentiating between fault currents and inrush currents is the most crucial component of transformer protection. The most vital part of a protection strategy for transformer is the ability to differentiate between inrush current and internal fault currents. Therefore, safeguarding it is crucial to ensuring the power system operates steadily and consistently. Inrush current is the primary cause of protective system breakdowns. Thus, timely and precise fault current and inrush current discrimination is essential for reliable and satisfying power system operation.