The Role of Cybersecurity in Strengthening Government Security Sectors: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Cybersecurity has become a cornerstone of national security, particularly as government security sectors face escalating and sophisticated cyber threats. This systematic literature review explores the role of cybersecurity in strengthening governmental security operations, drawing on research published between 2016 and 2025. The review synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed articles, government reports, and policy papers to examine the nature of cyber threats, the development of cybersecurity frameworks, and the adoption of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and blockchain. Key findings reveal that while many governments have advanced their cybersecurity strategies, challenges persist in policy implementation, technological integration, and workforce capacity. The review underscores the importance of adopting a multi-layered defense approach, fostering public-private partnerships, and addressing legal and ethical considerations. By identifying critical trends and gaps in the literature, this study offers actionable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers aiming to enhance cybersecurity resilience in government security sectors.