BIM-Based Automation of Structural Loads Using Parametric Modeling and IFC for Open-Source Interoperability

Abstract

The increasing complexity of structural design, along with growing demands for speed, accuracy, and interoperability, has led to the adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) frameworks for automating structural load generation. This study presents a novel methodology for automating the computation and application of dead and live loads in structural systems using an open-source BIM-driven pipeline, integrated with interoperable file formats for downstream analysis in proprietary simulation platforms. The system extracts geometric and material information from parameterized structural models and programmatically assigns loads based on Indian Standard (IS) codes using standardized structural action entities defined in Industry Foundation Classes (IFC). The resulting models are schema compliant, analysis-ready, and require no manual intervention for defining loading scenarios. The methodology was tested on a typical low-rise frame structure, demonstrating accurate load assignment and successful integration with structural analysis software. Graphical and numerical verification confirm that the automation aligns with expected load magnitudes and distributions. This research validates the potential of IFC-based BIM automation for primary load types and sets the foundation for future extensions to include wind and seismic loads using standardized, code-compliant algorithms.