IoT-Based Management, Monitoring, Reporting, and Evaluation (MMRE) Implementation Strategy for Dhanbad Municipal Solid Waste Management and Disposal

Abstract

Urbanization and population growth have exacerbated municipal solid waste (MSW) challenges, necessitating intelligent solutions. Dhanbad, a mining-intensive city in India, faces unique waste management challenges due to coal sludge contamination, rapid urbanization, and inefficient disposal practices. A case study in Mumbai demonstrated a 35% reduction in fuel consumption and 28% faster collection times. The system architecture merges edge computing, LoRaWAN communication, and predictive analytics, while advanced recycling incorporates AI-based material classification. This study proposes an IoT-enabled smart waste management system tailored for Dhanbad Municipal Corporation (DMC), integrating real-time bin monitoring, AI-driven hazardous waste detection, and GIS-GPS route optimization. Deploying methane/CO₂ sensors and hybrid algorithms, the system reduces collection costs by 32% and improves recycling accuracy by 48%, addressing coal-dominated waste streams. Challenges include initial costs and data security, yet scalability and integration with smart city ecosystems offer transformative potential. The pilot study of 15 wards has proposed and detailed strategy have been formulated based on intensive literature and field survey. Analogues study shows 40% fewer overflow incidents and 22% lower fuel consumption. The implementation framework emphasizes phased rollout, stakeholder training, and integration with Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0 guidelines.