Gamified Exergames with Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment: A Framework for Interactive Fitness and Motivation

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Aoran Li, Ian Chai, Kok-Why Ng

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to investigate the potential of interactive fitness by enhancing indoor exercise through the integration of gamified exergames and Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment (DDA). DDA serves as a promising mechanism to promote sustained engagement in video-based exergames by adapting the game's difficulty in real-time based on player performance. This algorithm adjusts the challenge level according to a player's competence, thereby fostering increased participation in physical activity and supporting the development of intrinsic motivation for long-term adherence. Theoretical frameworks such as Self-Determination Theory, Flow Theory, and Operant Conditioning Theory further substantiate the positive role of DDA in gamified exergames, highlighting its capacity to improve user engagement through personalized difficulty settings. The study concludes that the incorporation of DDA is effective in balancing gameplay challenge, thereby encouraging greater participation in indoor fitness activities. Future research is recommended to explore this concept further and assess its broader implications.

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