Managerial Assessment of the Quality of Outdoor Spaces on University Campuses

Abstract

This bibliometric analysis explores the managerial assessment of outdoor space quality on university campuses by synthesizing findings from 93 publications indexed in Scopus. Using VOSviewer software, four types of network visualizations were generated: citation frequency distribution, keyword co-occurrence, international authorship patterns, and co-citation networks. Results reveal rapid research growth after 2018, with core contributions from authors such as Wickens (2021), Hall (2014), and Burgoon (2021). Keyword analysis identifies dominant themes in sustainability, thermal comfort, accessibility, wellbeing, and participatory design. Geographic mapping shows a concentration of research output in developed countries, especially the United States, the United Kingdom, China, Germany, and Australia. The study diagnoses methodological evolution from qualitative surveys to multidimensional assessments incorporating space syntax, GIS, and mixed methods, and highlights persistent gaps in equity, standardized indicators, and cross-regional applicability. The findings offer critical insights for managers and researchers seeking evidence-based strategies to enhance campus outdoor space quality and guide future studies in this multidisciplinary field.