Reflecting on 20 Years of Regional Development Planning in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Regional development planning in Indonesia, as mandated by several regulations, requires the implementation process to refer to various planning approaches, including technocratic, participatory, political, top-down, and bottom-up. These approaches are guided by principles such as holistic-thematic, integrative, and spatial. However, these complex procedures have hindered the achievement of 20-year planning goals. Challenges such as overlapping administrative procedures, the growing influence of regional legislative bodies, mandatory central government policies, increasing budget allocations for villages, declining public trust in the planning process, unclear authorities and responsibilities, and other regional autonomy issues necessitate a comprehensive reflection and re-evaluation of the regional development planning process.

Objectives: This study aims to comprehensively examine the process and results of regional development planning implementation in various regions in Indonesia, focusing on the effectiveness of the musrenbang (development planning deliberation) forum.

Methods: The research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by identifying, evaluating, and interpreting research on the implementation of regional development planning in Indonesia. Data collected from reputable journals are analyzed using the Atlas.ti application to map various evidence.

Results: The findings reveal that the regional development planning process in Indonesia through the musrenbang forum has not fully addressed the aspirations and needs of citizens. The government dominates every phase, including proposing and filtering aspirations, which limits effective dialogue and consultation with citizens.

Conclusions: The study concludes that the lack of communication, dialogue, and consultation between the government and citizens undermines the effectiveness of regional development planning. The researcher recommends further studies using the communicative planning method, especially focusing on marginalized groups, to enhance inclusivity and participatory governance.