"Experimental Investigation of Thermal Properties of Phase Change Materials Modified Concrete Cubicles for Sustainable Building Applications"

Abstract

Introduction: The growing demand for energy-efficient building solutions has sparked interest in thermal energy storage (TES) technologies, particularly Phase Change Materials (PCM) in concrete. PCMs offer exceptional capacity to absorb and release thermal energy during phase transitions, making them promising candidates for enhancing the thermal performance of building materials. While PCM integration in concrete has shown potential for improving thermal comfort and energy efficiency, comprehensive studies linking mechanical properties and thermal performance are limited.

Objectives: The mechanical properties PCM modified concrete are studied in previous research. The 10% PCM content in both type of PCMs was resulted and optimized the compressive strength of M25 grade. To evaluate the thermal properties of concrete incorporating Phase Change Materials, specifically examining the effectiveness of different PCM types and concentrations in concrete cubicles.

Methods: The thermal properties study constructed three 1m × 1m × 1m concrete cubicles: one control specimen and two incorporating 10% PCM content by concrete mass (CrodaTherm 29P and Micronal 24D). The specimens underwent a 28-day curing regime followed by 28 days of atmospheric exposure. Temperature monitoring utilized PT100 sensors positioned on exterior and interior surfaces, with data collected through an eight-channel logger over seven-day periods during winter conditions in Pune.

Results: PCM-modified concrete exhibited extended temperature lags of 14-15 hours during cooling phases compared to 12-13 hours in control specimens. The CT29P10 cubicle demonstrated temperature differentials of 1-3°C, while M24D10 showed 2-5°C variations relative to the control specimen. The thermal performance improved with plastering the cubicles.

Conclusions: PCM incorporation significantly enhances concrete's thermal mass properties while maintaining acceptable mechanical characteristics at 10% content. The study demonstrates the viability of PCM-modified concrete for improved thermal regulation in buildings, though further research on long-term durability and economic feasibility is recommended. The findings suggest potential applications in sustainable construction, particularly in regions experiencing significant temperature fluctuations.