Analysis of the Role and Duties of Iranian Ministers in the Early Abbasid Era

Abstract

The Abbasid era, which began with the caliphate of Abu al-Abbas and ended with the caliphate of Wathiq, underwent a significant transformation between the years 132 and 232 AH. The ministerial system underwent a significant transformation. The role of Iranian ministers is important due to the service they rendered in establishing the Abbasid Caliphate, creating courts, and expanding and developing sciences. Following these measures, many government positions were assigned to them. Ministers were very influential in stabilizing and strengthening the caliphate. For this, specific and fixed duties were assigned, the most important of which was supervision of financial affairs. The ministry in the Abbasid era included only the ministry of execution related to the implementation of the caliph's orders. In this type of ministry, the minister did not have an independent personal function and was only considered a link between the people and the caliph. In the ministry of delegation, the minister intervened in all government affairs. However, after delegating these powers, the right to appoint the crown prince and also to dismiss those whom the minister had retained in various positions remained reserved for the caliph.

This research, using a descriptive and analytical method, seeks to analyze the policy of the Abbasid caliphs and its impact on the efficiency of the ministry in the first period and the role of Iranian ministers in the first period, and to examine and evaluate their impact on consolidating power and expanding sciences.