Exploring the Application of the VARK Model to Enhance Student Engagement in the Classroom: A Case Study within the American Degree Transfer Program at Sunway University

Abstract

Effective communication aligns well with the use of the VARK model, which includes visual, aural, read/write, and kinesthetic learning styles. Each style offers a unique approach to foster suitable learning methods among students. This study investigates the influence of student learning preferences and identifies the most effective teaching style using the VARK model by academicians in the American Degree Transfer Program (ADTP). Employing qualitative research with purposive sampling, six ADTP lecturers from various academic disciplines were interviewed. The findings reveal that learning styles vary based on each module and subject. Additionally, the study confirms that, within the VARK model, the visual mode is most preferred by students, who, as millennials, tend to favor digital technology over traditional classroom settings. However, respondents agreed that face-to-face instruction remains the most effective delivery approach. Hands-on activities and presentations also boost student engagement, unlike reliance solely on textbooks, which serves more as a supplement to deepen subject understanding. Besides skill acquisition and positive attitude development, this study contributes to creating a unique learning environment that encourages students to think critically. In conclusion, the study is valuable for academicians, helping them better understand their students and identify the most preferred learning styles. Future studies could compare learning preferences using the VARK model between private and public universities.