The impact of Employee Engagement and Organizational Environmental Performance: A Literature Review

Abstract

This literature review explores the pivotal role of employee engagement (EE) in enhancing organizational environmental performance (OEP). Key findings indicate that human resource management (HRM) practices, particularly those focused on sustainability, play a crucial role in fostering a green organizational culture that drives employee participation in environmental initiatives. HRM strategies, such as sustainability-oriented training, rewards, and recruitment, empower employees to contribute actively to environmental goals. Leadership and organizational culture are also identified as key factors, with transformational leadership and a supportive culture enhancing employee motivation and collaboration in sustainability efforts. Additionally, the review highlights mechanisms such as intrinsic motivation, feedback, and employee involvement in decision-making as essential drivers of pro-environmental behaviours. Engaged employees are more likely to adopt sustainable practices, such as waste reduction and energy conservation, aligning their behaviours with organizational sustainability objectives. Technological integration further supports engagement by providing real-time tracking, fostering transparency, and encouraging collaborative innovation. The review underscores the importance of HRM, leadership, culture, and technology in driving EE and OEP, offering valuable insights for companies aiming to integrate sustainability into their core operations.