The Moderating Role of Collectivism on the Relationship Between Self-Compassion and Compassion for Others of Filipino College Students

Abstract

Compassion fosters personal growth and communal well-being, yet its cultural underpinnings, particularly in collectivistic societies, remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by examining the compassionate experiences of Filipino students, focusing on the relationship between self-compassion and compassion for others, and the moderating role of collectivism. Using a sample of 367 students, the results revealed moderate levels of self-compassion, indicating students’ efforts to care for themselves despite challenges. In contrast, compassion for others was high, reflecting strong group-oriented values. This high level of compassion for others was also associated with high collectivism, indicating that students' compassion is deeply rooted in cultural values that emphasize group welfare. Correlational analysis showed a positive relationship between self-compassion and compassion for others (r = 0.41), indicating that greater self-compassion is linked to increased compassion for others. While overall collectivism did not moderate this relationship, horizontal collectivism, which stresses equality and harmony, strengthened the association (B = 0.32, p < .001). These findings suggest that Filipino students’ compassion is shaped by cultural values that prioritize egalitarian relationships rather than hierarchical structures. The study's implications are significant for both academic and practical applications. Integrating compassion into higher education curricula, particularly in general education courses like Understanding the Self, is crucial for promoting personal well-being and fostering a supportive campus environment. Moreover, educational institutions should prioritize the promotion of equality and inclusivity, ensuring that these values permeate campus culture and reduce hierarchical barriers. By focusing on horizontal collectivism, institutions can cultivate spaces that value collaboration and interpersonal care, not just academic achievement. This research contributes to the understanding of how collectivist values influence compassion, filling a notable gap in literature on culture and compassion.