A Miniaturized Multiband Antenna with Frequency Reconfiguration for 5G and IoT Applications

Abstract

This research focuses on designing and testing a compact, multiband antenna that can switch between different frequency bands using a PIN diode. The demonstrated antenna is constructed on a 1.6 mm thick FR4 substrate and features a ground plane on the rear side. Because of its small dimensions (24 mm x 19 mm × 1.6 mm), it can be effortlessly incorporated into various kinds of RF front-end systems. The antenna presented is capable of achieving hexa/Triple band characteristics through the utilization of a PIN diode positioned between the metal strip and the F shaped monopole. The examined antenna is capable of operating in L and C bands across a range of six different frequencies when the PIN diode is inactive: 2.54 GHz, 2.64 GHz, 3.48 GHz, 4.3 GHz, 5.25 GHz, and 5.68 GHz supporting 5G and IOT services. Conversely, with the PIN diode activated, it functions in C-band across three specific frequencies: 4.3 GHz, 5.2 GHz, and 5.68 GHz supporting IOT services. The investigated antenna exhibits very small frequency ratios between two consecutive bands of the value of 1.04/1.3/1.23/1.22/1.08, respectively. The investigated design is fabricated and results of the design under investigation were compared, showing a strong correlation between the simulated and measured data.